the tools of business ethics:

1. VALUES:

it is useful in this text to recognize that business ethics can refer to several different things. Most commonly it refers to ethical conducts in and by business .In this sense, its benefits to business include: doing the right things, which typically promotes achievement of business goals. While doing the wrong things hinders the successive pursuit of those goals.

To recognize which things are the right things however, it is helpful to understand the principles that underlines ethical conduct in business. Accordingly business ethics are the knowledge and study of such principle can also be of value to business.

CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE TO VALUES:
In a given culture at a given time ,there is broad agreement on major values. Most people agree on what is good(e.g. the right value)and what is bad(corruption in government)Not all people or groups of people held the same values, but the values of those in majority will affect the beliefs and behaviour of society.

BELIEFS: The action of business managers are affected largely by their personal beliefs. For example ,managers who are motivated by economic values will tend to stress the importance of growth for their companies. Managers who are motivated by social values on the other hand, might be willing to sacrifice some company growth to improve the conditions of the service of the employees .However, Values are not only factors that influence managers decisions. The specific situation a manager faces will have great influence on or even dominate how a manager behaves.

RIGHTS: Ethical concerns permeate every aspect of business activity. Ethical issues arise obviously in connection with core ethical values, when there are questions for example honesty or justice.
They also are potentially an issue whenever actions or decisions affect other people ,either by helping or by harming them. But ethical issues can even arise when other people's rights and interests are not directly at stake ,Whenever there is a choice to be made between values or a better and a worse way of doing something or a thing deemed to be a good one of its kind ,an ethical judgment is involved .In this broad sense ,most judgments and choices and decisions about goals, standard qualities and priorities are ethical.

Accordingly most business actions and choices, decisions and judgements have ethical aspects :they specifically involves ethical values that help or harm people indicate character or all of the above.

In my own opinion “Hiring and firing ,choosing suppliers ,setting prices, establishing objectives, allocating resources ,determining dividends, disciplining workers, planning schedules, awarding contracts..all involves ethical choices.

Even the most trivial decisions and ones that appear to be made on purely technical or economic groups typically have ethical aspects .It is just not in the fringe areas of "do gooding"that ethical issues occur. but through out all of the business :ethics is inescapable in business as in life.

In order therefore, to know which ethical issues should concern business as business and to resolve ethical problems in ways that are appropriate for business, a clear understanding of business ethics is essential .

if it is a company's responsibility to be concerned with advancing the interests of its employees .Then it will be essential to consider the issue of stability of employment as it is quite apparent that this constitutes one of the paramount interests of most employess.At the very least ,losing his job is likely to cause grave inconvenience.


OTHER TOOLS OF BUSINESS ETHICS

2.LOYALTY:Steadfastness in allegiance to the management of the business enterprise. This implies the commitment on the part of set objectives of the business organization.

3.FAIRNESS: The avoidance of discriminating tendencies in dealing with people of diverse background,endeavouring to treat all human begins as equal and then give each person equal opportunities.

4.PRINCIPLED BEHAVIOUR: The demonstration of a consistent behaviour in similar situations that makes one's behaviour predictable and ensuring the same direction being made in similar situations.

5.CONFIDENTIALITY:Beign discreet in dealing with the publics in a manner that makes the employee to refuse to divulge official information even in the face of financial inducement or inspite of threats to his life.